水鸭养殖成本与效益？英文双语对照

我国是鸭子养殖大国，我国鸭子的总量占世界养殖鸭子总量的69.7%，居于世界首位。而且还在稳步上涨，养殖前景广阔，那么鸭子养殖的利润怎么样？要投资多少？

一，养鸭投资

1、租金费用：每亩地可以建两个鸭棚，10个鸭棚至少需要五、六亩地。假设，每亩地的租金为500元，10亩地就是5000元。

2、搭建费用：如果每棚的建设费用为600元，算上人工、材料费用等，鸭棚的建设在1万元左右。

3、鸭苗费用：现在，市场上的鸭苗价格在1.5元/个，2000只的成本就是3000元。

4、器具费用：投资者还需购买喂食器具、食槽、网架等，约5000元左右。

5、饲料费用：假设，每一只鸭子从进棚到出栏，总共需要10斤饲料。每斤饲料的成本为1元/斤，2000只的饲料成本就是2万元。

6、人工费用：开一个养殖场，投资者至少要招聘6名员工，每人每月2000元，6人工资就是1.2万元。

7、疫苗费用：为了防止各种疾病的发生，投资者还需给鸭注射疫苗。每只疫苗费用10元，2000只就是2万元。

二，养鸭子成本和利润分析

因为鸭子生长周期不长出栏快，很多农村朋友在农闲时也会养鸭子。我们来计算下在农村一般的家庭条件下，养鸭子的成本和利润。

1.以一次性养殖3000只鸭子为例

(1)鸭苗成本：鸭苗市场价格一只大概是1.5元左右，3000只的成本是：3000*1.5=4500元

(2)鸭料成本：鸭料1.7元一斤，一只鸭子从进棚养45天，大概吃13斤料，一个鸭子饲料成本：1.7*13=22.1;3000只鸭子的饲料成本：22.1*3000=66300元

养鸭成本共计：4500+66300=70800元

养鸭子利润分析：一只鸭子出栏大概6.5斤左右，每斤3.9元，一只鸭子能卖25.35元，共计：25.35*3000=76050元

利润=效益-成本=76050元-70800元=5250元

家庭养殖一批鸭子，以45天为一个周期，可以赚5250元，一年养殖6批的话可以赚3万左右。

三，养鸭秘诀

1、观察产蛋时间。鸭子的产蛋时间一般集中在凌晨2时至早8时，若每天产蛋时间不能集中，甚至白天产蛋，就要及时补喂精饲料

2、观察蛋鸭的羽毛。若羽毛光滑紧密贴身，说明营养状况良好，否则，要提高饲料的质量。

3、观察食欲。无论圈养还是放牧，高产蛋鸭觅食力都非常强，出现抢食的状况。否则，要查明原因。

4、观察鸭子的嬉水状况。高产蛋鸭下水后潜水时间长，上岸后羽毛光滑不湿毛。如怕下水，不洗浴或下水后湿毛，行动无力，此时要查明原因，并加喂动物蛋白饲料和鱼肝油。

5、观察精神状态。健康鸭精神活泼，行动灵活，休息安静，病鸭则精神萎靡，离群呆立，缩头垂翅。

6、观察粪便颜色。健康鸭群粪便不硬不软，颜色灰黑色，表面有少量尿酸盐沉积。病鸭粪便有绿色、白色、金黄色等不正常稀粪便。

四，怎么放养鸭子

1、放养密度

根据放养鸭的大小，强弱决定放养密度，遵循宜稀不宜密的原则。一般0.067公顷果园放养成鸭20-30只。

2、划定轮放区

根据放养鸭的数量及园地面积划定轮放区，用高50厘米的尼龙网围栏成几个区轮放。为便于 管理一般每区0.335公顷放养400只左右为宜。果园面积小，养鸭数量少时，可以不分区，但应根据园内杂草及昆虫等的生长繁殖情况实行间断放牧。在轮放区内要为鸭子备足饮用水。

3、放养方法

一般是在每天上午十点到十一点左右的时候将鸭群放入选好的放养区域，在放养区域要准备好充足的饮用水，同时在每天下午两点到三点左右去放养区域在固定的位置投放饲料，用来补充它们生长所需的营养物质，其次就是等晚上会养殖场之后在进行一次补料即可。在放养的过程中我们要加强对田间和园间的管理，防止天敌对它们的伤害，最好是每天都有专人进行看管。

4、按时补饲

为补充放养时期饲料的不足，对放养鸭要适时补饲。雏鸭放养从4周龄开始，前期为育雏期，可圈养和笼养。雏鸭在早晚各补饲1次，以补充能量的不足。按早上半饱晚喂足的原则确定补饲量，并逐减喂饲次数和数量，促使鸭自由采食。随着雏鸭的生长，可根据放养鸭啄食杂草、野菜、昆虫决定放养鸭的补饲。以放养为主时期，晚上回舍棚后进行补饲，并备足饮用水，满足饮用。春天幼龄雏鸭放养前，要先进行适应外界温度变化的锻炼，逐渐进入放养园。

5、加强监管

严防鼠害：放养鸭要严防山猫、黄鼠狼之类野兽的侵害。侵害鸭的兽类都惧怕网具，因此采用尼龙网围圈放养区是有效的安全防御措施，不管放养多少只，也不管面积大小，都要用网围圈，并要固定专人管理。特别是放养幼龄鸭，防鼠害更为重要。

6、防疫灭病

放养鸭的防疫同样坚持”预防为主，防重于治”的方针。要按照常规防御程序，定期进行疫苗接种，做好防疫灭病工作。锻炼下水鸭子属水禽。雏鸭下水能促其活动，增加采食量。因此，应在出壳5天后就锻炼其下水。方法是：先下“小水”(将水放人大的水盆或水泥池中)，且温度不能太低，深度以能打湿鸭脚为宜，每天2次，每次不超过10分钟;以后水深逐渐增加，时间逐渐延长。雏鸭何时下“大水”(河沟、池塘等大水面)，需要根据天气和气温情况而定，晴暖时坚持每天下水，下雨天、气温低时可不下水。下水上岸后，要让雏鸭在无风、温暖的地方将羽毛梳理晾干再赶回鸭舍。预防疾病。育雏室、运动场要勤换垫料，加强通风，坚持定期清扫和消毒，保持清洁、干爽。食槽、水槽需经常洗刷和消毒，以减少病原菌生存和繁殖的机会。此外，还要及时对雏鸭接种疫苗，防治疾病。

Our country is big country of duck breed aquatics, 69.7% what the gross of our country duck occupies gross of duck of world breed aquatics, be on world first place. And still rising steadily, breed foreground capacious, so the profit of duck breed aquatics how? How much should invest?

One, raise duck investment

1, hire charge: Every mus of ground can build two duck canopy, 10 duck canopy needs at least 5, 6 mus of ground. Suppose, the hire of every mus of ground is 500 yuan, 10 mus of ground are 5000 yuan.

2, build cost: If the construction cost of every canopy is 600 yuan, calculate on charge of artificial, material, the construction of duck canopy is controlled in 10 thousand yuan.

3, duck seedling charge: Now, the duck seedling price on the market is in 1.5 yuan / , 2000 cost is 3000 yuan.

4, implemental charge: Investor still needs to buy feeding trough to provide, crib, net wearing, about 5000 yuan or so.

5, feed charge: Suppose, each duck from arrive into canopy a column, need 10 jins of feed in all. The cost of every jins of feed is 1 yuan / jin, 2000 feed cost is 20 thousand yuan.

6, artificial charge: Open a farm, investor wants invite applications for a job at least 6 employee, each every months 2000 yuan, 6 people pay is 12 thousand yuan.

7, vaccinal charge: To prevent the happening of all sorts of diseases, investor still wants duck inject vaccine. Every only vaccinal charge 10 yuan, 2000 are 20 thousand yuan.

2, raise duck cost and profit analysis

Because the duck grows,cycle does not grow a column fast, friend of a lot of countries also can raise a duck when slack season. We will calculate next is in below the country's common family condition, raise the cost of the duck and profit.

1. with one-time breed aquatics 3000 ducks are exemple

(Cost of 1) duck seedling: Value of duck seedling market is 1.5 yuan are controlled probably only, 3000 cost is: 3000*1.5=4500 yuan

(Cost of 2) duck makings: Duck expects 1.7 yuan a jin, a duck from raise 45 days into canopy, have 13 jins of stuff probably, cost of feed of a duck: 1.7*13=22.1;3000 the feed cost of the duck: 22.1*3000=66300 yuan

The cost that raise duck adds up to: 4500+66300=70800 yuan

Raise duck profit analysis: A duck goes out column is controlled 6.5 jins probably, every jins 3.9 yuan, a duck can sell 25.35 yuan, add up to: 25.35*3000=76050 yuan

Profit = benefit - cost =76050 yuan - 70800 yuan of =5250 yuan

The family breeds a batch of ducks, it is a cycle with 45 days, can earn 5250 yuan, breed 6 batches word one year to be able to earn 30 thousand control.

3, raise duck recipe

1, observation produces egg time. The yield of the duck egg time is centered in before dawn commonly 2 when to early 8 when, if produce egg time to cannot be centered everyday, produce an egg by day even, be about to fill in time feed concentrated feed

2, the feather that observes egg duck. If feather is smooth and close together close-fitting, show nutrient in order, otherwise, want to improve the quality of feed.

3, observation appetite. No matter encircle,depasture, duck of high yield egg forages force is very powerful, appear rob the state that feed. Otherwise, want to prove a cause.

4, the play water condition that observes a duck. Time of the dive after duck of high yield egg enters the water is long, the feather after toing disembark is smooth not wet hair. If be afraid of,enter the water, after do not wash bath or entering the water wet hair, the action is faint, want to prove a cause right now, add feed animal albumen feed and cod-liver oil.

5, observation psychosis. Healthy duck spirit is lively, the action is quick, rest quiet, ill duck criterion spirit is dispirited, from group slow-witted stand, shrink the head hangs down wing.

6, color of observation excrement and urine. Healthy duck group excrement and urine is not hard not soft, color grey black, the surface has deposit of a few uric acerbity salt. Ill duck excrement and urine has the abnormal rare excrement and urine such as green, white, golden color.

4, how to put in a suitable place to breed duck

1, put in a suitable place to breed density

The basis puts in a suitable place to breed the size of duck, strong weak decision puts in a suitable place to breed density, abide by appropriate rare the principle that shoulds not be close. General 0.067 hectare orchard puts nurturance duck 20-30.

2, delimit annulus puts a division

The basis puts in a suitable place to breed the amount of duck and garden ground accumulate delimit annulus to put a division, with 50 centimeters tall nylon net crawl becomes a few area annulus to put. Manage to facilitate general every area 0.335 hectare put in a suitable place to breed it is advisable to be controlled 400 times. Orchard area is small, when the amount that raise duck is little, need not divisional, dan Yinggen occupies what the fireweed inside garden reachs the insect to wait to grow progenitive circumstance is executed discontinuous depasture. In annulus put duck equipment enough drinking water should is inside the area.

3, put in a suitable place to breed method

It is in every sky midday was controlled to 11 o'clock at 10 o'clock commonly when duck group put selected put in a suitable place to breed well area, in put in a suitable place to breed area wants to prepare enough drinking water, controlled to 3 o'clock at 2 o'clock in midday of every the world at the same time go putting in a suitable place to breed area puts in feed in fixed position, use complement they grow needs nurture is qualitative, wait namely next can undertaking filling expecting after the farm in the evening can. In the process that put in a suitable place to breed we should be strengthened right field with the management between garden, prevent natural enemy to be harmed to theirs, had better be everyday person specially assigned for a task has guard.

4, fill on time raise

Put in a suitable place to breed for complement the inadequacy of period feed, timely to putting in a suitable place to breed duck wants filling raise. Cheeper duck puts in a suitable place to breed begin from 4 week age, early days is brood period, can encircle raise and basket raise. Cheeper duck fills each in morning and evening raise 1, with the inadequacy of complementary capabilities. By half full evening feeds sufficient principle to decide filling raise is measured in the morning, chase reduce the frequency that feed raise and amount, make duck freedom collect feed. As the growth of cheeper duck, can put in a suitable place to breed according to putting in a suitable place to breed duck peck fireweed, potherb, insect decides the filling raise of duck. Give priority to period in order to put in a suitable place to breed, answer in the evening filling raise has after abandoning canopy, have enough drinking water, contented and drinkable. Spring young before age cheeper duck puts in a suitable place to breed, want what undertake accommodative external temperature metabolic first to take exercise, enter gradually put in a suitable place to breed field.

5, strengthen superintend

Take strict precautions against rat to kill: Put in a suitable place to breed duck wants to take strict precautions against the enroach on of beast of and so on of lyncean, weasel. The beasts of enroach on duck is fear of a net to provide, because this uses nylon net to surround a circle to put in a suitable place to breed the area is significant safe defence step, no matter put in a suitable place to breed how many, also without giving thought to area size, want to surround a circle with the net, want to secure management of person specially assigned for a task. Put in a suitable place to breed especially young age duck,

6, epidemic prevention destroys ill

Put in a suitable place to breed the epidemic prevention of duck holds to likewise " precaution is given priority to, prevent overweight to treat " guiding principle. Want to press program of defense of as usual compasses, undertake vaccinal have an inoculation regularly, do good epidemic prevention to destroy disease works. Exercise next water ducks to belong to waterfowl. Cheeper duck enters the water can close to its activity, increase collect appetite. Accordingly, answer to exercise its to enter the water after giving case 5 days. The method is: Fall first " urine " (the) in the birdbath that puts water National People's Congress or cement pool, and temperature cannot too low, deepness with can playing wet duck base advisable, everyday 2, after exceeding 10 minutes of; every time, depth of water increases gradually, time is lengthened gradually. When does cheeper duck fall " flood " (the flood face) such as brook, pond, need to be decided according to circumstance of weather and air temperature, insist to enter the water everyday when the fine is warm, can not enter the water when next wet, air temperature is low. Enter the water after toing disembark, should let cheeper duck be in calm, warm place to comb feather air to hurried back again duck is abandoned. Prevent a disease. Brood room, playground should change mat material frequently, strengthen ventilated, insist to be swept regularly and be disinfected, maintain cleanness, Gan Shuang. Crib, cistern needs often rinse and disinfection, the opportunity that bacterium lives and breeds in order to reduce cause of disease. In addition, be opposite even in time cheeper duck vaccination, disease of prevention and cure.