实验室相关英语词汇学习整理

实验室是科学研究和技术开发的重要场所。在实验室中，科学家和研究人员使用各种设备和材料来进行实验和分析。在学习实验室相关的英语词汇时，了解这些词汇的使用场景和含义非常重要。本文将介绍与实验室相关的英语词汇，提供详细的英文例句及其中文翻译，以帮助学习者更好地理解和掌握这些词汇。

实验室基本设备和工具

1. Microscope（显微镜）

"The biologist used a microscope to examine the cells." "生物学家使用显微镜检查细胞。"

英语词汇

• Biologist（生物学家）: A scientist who studies living organisms.

2. Centrifuge（离心机）

"The samples were placed in the centrifuge to separate the components." "样品被放入离心机中以分离成分。"

英语词汇

• Samples（样品）: Substances taken for scientific analysis.

3. Beaker（烧杯）

"Pour the solution into the beaker and stir well." "将溶液倒入烧杯中，充分搅拌。"

英语词汇

• Solution（溶液）: A mixture of two or more substances.

4. Pipette（移液管）

"Use the pipette to transfer the liquid to the test tube." "使用移液管将液体转移到试管中。"

英语词汇

• Transfer（转移）: To move from one place to another.

5. Test Tube（试管）

"The reaction took place in a test tube." "反应发生在试管中。"

英语词汇

• Reaction（反应）: A process in which substances interact to form new substances.

6. Flask（烧瓶）

"The chemical was heated in a round-bottom flask." "化学品在圆底烧瓶中加热。"

英语词汇

• Chemical（化学品）: A substance used in or produced by a chemical process.

7. Petri Dish（培养皿）

"The bacteria were cultured in a Petri dish." "细菌在培养皿中培养。"

英语词汇

• Cultured（培养）: Growing microorganisms in a controlled environment.

8. Bunsen Burner（本生灯）

"The Bunsen burner was used to heat the substance." "本生灯用于加热物质。"

英语词汇

• Heat（加热）: To make something warmer or hotter.

9. Graduated Cylinder（量筒）

"Measure the volume of the liquid using the graduated cylinder." "使用量筒测量液体的体积。"

英语词汇

• Volume（体积）: The amount of space that a substance or object occupies.

10. Spectrophotometer（分光光度计）

"The concentration of the solution was measured using the spectrophotometer." "溶液的浓度使用分光光度计进行测量。"

英语词汇

• Concentration（浓度）: The amount of a substance in a given volume.

实验室常用化学品和试剂

1. Solvent（溶剂）

"The solvent was used to dissolve the solute." "溶剂用于溶解溶质。"

英语词汇

• Solute（溶质）: A substance that is dissolved in a solvent.

2. Reagent（试剂）

"The reagent was added to the solution to test for the presence of proteins." "试剂被加入到溶液中以检测蛋白质的存在。"

英语词汇

• Test for（检测）: To examine a substance to determine its presence or properties.

3. Buffer Solution（缓冲溶液）

"A buffer solution was used to maintain a constant pH during the experiment." "缓冲溶液被用来在实验过程中保持pH值恒定。"

英语词汇

• pH（酸碱度）: A measure of how acidic or basic a solution is.

4. Indicator（指示剂）

"The pH indicator changed color when the solution's pH level was altered." "当溶液的pH值发生变化时，指示剂的颜色也发生了变化。"

英语词汇

• Color change（颜色变化）: A visual change that indicates a chemical reaction or change in pH.

5. Solution（溶液）

"Prepare a saline solution for the experiment." "为实验准备盐水溶液。"

英语词汇

• Saline（盐水）: A solution of salt in water.

6. Acid（酸）

"Add a few drops of acid to the solution to test its reactivity." "向溶液中加入几滴酸以测试其反应性。"

英语词汇

• Reactivity（反应性）: The ability of a substance to undergo a chemical reaction.

7. Base（碱）

"The base was used to neutralize the acid in the solution." "碱用于中和溶液中的酸。"

英语词汇

• Neutralize（中和）: To counteract the effects of an acid or base.

8. Catalyst（催化剂）

"A catalyst was added to speed up the chemical reaction." "添加了催化剂以加速化学反应。"

英语词汇

• Speed up（加速）: To increase the rate of a process.

9. Soluble（可溶的）

"The compound is soluble in water." "该化合物可溶于水。"

英语词汇

• Compound（化合物）: A substance formed from two or more elements chemically bonded together.

10. Insoluble（不溶的）

"Sand is insoluble in water." "沙子在水中不溶解。"

英语词汇

• Sand（沙子）: A naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles.

实验室操作和程序

1. Calibration（校准）

"The instruments need to be calibrated before use." "仪器在使用前需要校准。"

英语词汇

• Instruments（仪器）: Tools or devices used for scientific measurements.

2. Protocol（实验步骤）

"Follow the protocol to ensure accurate results." "按照实验步骤以确保结果的准确性。"

英语词汇

• Accurate results（准确的结果）: Results that are correct and precise.

3. Sterilization（灭菌）

"All equipment must be sterilized to avoid contamination." "所有设备必须灭菌以避免污染。"

英语词汇

• Contamination（污染）: The presence of unwanted substances.

4. Measurement（测量）

"Accurate measurement is crucial for the experiment." "准确的测量对实验至关重要。"

英语词汇

• Crucial（关键的）: Extremely important or necessary.

5. Observation（观察）

"Careful observation is needed to record the experimental results." "需要仔细观察以记录实验结果。"

英语词汇

• Record（记录）: To write down or store information for future reference.

6. Analysis（分析）

"Data analysis helps to interpret the results of the experiment." "数据分析有助于解释实验结果。"

英语词汇

• Interpret（解释）: To explain the meaning or significance of something.

7. Synthesis（合成）

"The synthesis of the new compound was successful." "新化合物的合成成功了。"

英语词汇

• Compound（化合物）: A substance formed from two or more elements chemically bonded together.

8. Filtration（过滤）

"Filtration was used to separate the solid particles from the liquid." "过滤用于将固体颗粒与液体分开。"

英语词汇

• Solid particles（固体颗粒）: Small solid substances mixed with liquids or gases.

9. Dilution（稀释）

"The solution was diluted to reduce its concentration." "溶液被稀释以降低其浓度。"

英语词汇

• Concentration（浓度）: The amount of a substance in a given volume.

10. Incubation（培养）

"The samples were placed in an incubator for incubation." "样品被放入培养箱中进行培养。"

英语词汇

• Incubator（培养箱）: A device used to maintain controlled environmental conditions.

掌握实验室相关的英语词汇对于理解和进行科学实验至关重要。本文介绍了实验室基本设备、常用化学品及试剂、实验室操作和程序的常见词汇及其应用。通过熟悉这些词汇，学习者能够更有效地进行实验室工作和沟通。