消防知识培训资料？英文双语对照

1、法律法规、管理制度学习

学习《消防法》、熟知消防工作的方针、原则、任务 、明确单位消防工作规定。消防安全是政府社会管理和公共服务的重要内容，是社会稳定经济发展的重要保障。单位是社会的基本单元，是消防安全管理的核心主体。

2、消防工作的性质

消防工作实践证明，建立多种形式消防力量，是由我国国情决定的，是发展和保障民生的重要基础，是全面建设小康社会的必然要求。义务消防队由企业单位行政、保卫、安全组织领导。义务消防队是单位治安消防工作、预防火灾、自防自救的重要力量。

3、消防基本知识

（1）燃烧是可燃物与氧化剂作用发生的放热反应，通常伴有火焰、发光和发烟的现象。

（2）燃烧的三要素：即燃烧必须同时具备的三个条件：可燃物 、助然物 、着火源。

（3）常见的着火源: 明火，电火花，撞击或摩擦产生的火花，高热物质和高温表面 ，雷击，自燃。

（4）燃烧产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳、五氧化磷、二氧化硫、氯化氢等有害气体和粉尘。

4、消防设施、器材的使用

灭火器是一种常用的消防器材，具有轻便灵活灭火速度快等特点，主要扑救各类物质的初起火灾。由于初起火灾范围小、火势弱是火灾扑救的最有利时机，所以正确使用灭火器扑救及时可将火灾消灭在萌芽状态，避免造成巨大的财产损失和可能的人员伤亡。

5、火警处置程序

消防值班室接到报警信号后，指派消防巡查人员携带对讲机、插孔电话机到现场确认火情；根据火场反馈的情况，应用对讲机或手动控制按钮向中控室反馈火警信息，并调配消防器材、组织人员立即到现场及时扑救。

同时中控室值班人员接警后立即启动消防系统设备，启用消防广播组织疏散；启动部门消防应急预案，拨打119报警；火警处理完毕后，做好火警信息记录，恢复消防设备的备警运行状态，以预防下一次火灾出现；如果发现火警误报，查以报警原因，采取相应措施并做好记录。

6、火灾扑救方法

（1）隔离法：就是将火源处或其周围的可燃物隔离或移走，燃烧就会因失去可燃物而停止。

（2）窒息法：就是阻止空气进燃烧区或用不燃气体冲淡空气，使燃烧物得不到足够的氧气而熄灭。

（3）冷却法：就是将灭火剂直接喷洒在燃烧物上，以降低燃烧物的温度于其燃点之下使燃烧停止；或将灭火剂喷洒在火源附近可燃物上以避免蔓延。

（4）抑制法：就是使灭火剂叁与到燃烧反应历程中去，使燃烧过程中产生的游离基消失，使燃烧停止。

7、扑救火灾的处置程序和措施

（1）初起火警处置程序:一旦发现起火应冷静，在查看火情的同时及时报警；根据了解的情况和起火原因，采取切断电源、疏散人员等措施；人员密集场所先呼救、疏散人员；利用现场消防器材积极及时扑救。

（2）扑救火灾采取的措施：堵截火势防止蔓延；快攻施救控制火势；通气排烟减少损失；隔离分隔将火扑灭。

8、紧急疏散与逃生

值班人员接警后立即启动消防广播组织疏散， 正确通报，组织人员疏导，防止人群混乱；按照火灾应急预案中制定的疏散方案组织疏散，注意自我保护，通过烟雾区应采取低头弯腰姿势；严格服从组织指挥，控制人员情绪，阻止人员返回火场，做好眼睛和呼吸道的防护。

9、灭火技能培训

现场操作使用各种消防器材，掌握扑救火灾的原则要领，熟知扑火灾的程序和应采取的措施；熟知本办公场所、本单位各类消防设施、器材包括灭火器、室内消火栓、水带的放置位置；根据办公场所的特点，防火重点区域模拟灾情，熟知火灾报警和接警处置程序；组织应急疏散演练，熟悉本单位疏散与逃生路线。

1, system of legal laws and regulations, management learns

Study " fire service law " , job of fire control of the guiding principle that hep fire control works, principle, task, clear unit sets. Fire control safety is the serious content of governmental society government and public service, it is the important safeguard that the society stabilizes economy to develop. The unit is main unit of the society, it is the core principal part that fire control safety manages.

2, the property that fire control works

Fire control job carries out a proof, build strength of a variety of formal fire control, decide by our country national condition, it is development and the main base that ensure the people's livelihood, it is the inevitable demand that builds comparatively well-off society in the round. Compulsory fire department by company unit administration, guard, safe organization leader. Compulsory fire department is fire control of unit public security fire of the job, precaution, prevent the fundamental strength that save oneself oneself.

3, fire protection is basic knowledge

(1) combustion is the exothermic reaction that combustible and oxidizer action produce, normally companion has blaze, glow and the appearance that send smoke.

(2) flaming 3 element: Burn namely 3 requirements that must have at the same time: Combustible, aid like that content, catch fire source.

(3) catch fire commonly source: Bright fire, electric spark, bump or the scintilla that attrition produces, high fever material and high temperature surface, be struck by lightning, spontaneous combustion.

(4) products of combustion: The harmful gas such as hydrogen of sulfur of phosphor of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, 5 oxidation, 2 oxidation, chloridize and dust.

4, the use of fire control establishment, equipment

Fire extinguisher is a kind of commonly used fire control equipment, have speed of light and agile put out a fire to wait for a characteristic quickly, main rush to save life and property is of all kinds of material fire has first. Because fire range has first,situation of small, fire is the most favorable opportunity of fire rush to save life and property infirmly, use fire extinguisher rush to save life and property correctly to be able to extinguish fire in time in budding condition so, avoid to cause huge belongings loss and likely personal casualty.

5, fire alarm deals with program

After fire control duty room receives alarm signal, personnel of go on a tour of inspection of assign fire control carries the interphone, phone that insert aperture to confirm igneous feeling to the spot; According to the circumstance that the scene of a fire feedbacks, applied interphone or hand use control button to in dominate news of room feedback fire alarm, allocate personnel of fire control equipment, organization to arrive instantly the spot is seasonable rush to save life and property.

At the same time in the member that accuse room watch is received alarm hind start facility of fire extinguishing system instantly, enable fire control broadcast organization is scattered; Lash-up of fire control of the branch that start beforehand case, dial 119 call the police; After fire alarm processing ends, make record of information of good fire alarm, the equipment that restores fire control equipment alarm moving condition, in order to prevent the next time fire appears; If discover fire alarm signs up for by accident, check in order to call the police reason, take corresponding step and make good record.

6, method of fire rush to save life and property

(1) keep apart a law: Handle igneous source namely or carry away, because lose combustible,combustion is met and stop.

(2) choking law: Prevent namely air enters combustion area or use do not burn gas diluent air, enkindle content cannot get enough oxygen and go out.

(3) cooling law: Spray extinguishing chemical directly namely go up in combustion content, in order to drop the temperature of combustion content enkindle stops under Yu Jiran dot; Or spray extinguishing chemical be in near igneous cause on combustible spread in order to avoid.

(4) control a standard: Make namely extinguishing chemical three with go in combustion reaction course, the dissociate of the generation in enkindle process base disappear, enkindle stops.

7, of fire of rush to save life and property deal with program and measure

(1) does fire alarm rise to deal with first program: ? Does bad ┓ ⑾ make Gua Liao  small piece of land surrounded by water Lv of bulbul of Chinese toon of a pavilion or house on a terrace of Bo  deceive is able to bear or endure does  go straight towards badger of illicit of naphthalene of post  of  of basketry north ň is discharge of ∏ of fan of  of Ying of  of the dirty Jiao that push Gua that a pavilion or house on a terrace barium of cough of ⑷ of ambitious of entangled plinth ⑹ however pump of cough of Long  locust?

(2) the step that fire of rush to save life and property takes: Intercept igneous situation to prevent to spread; Quick attack rescues them control fire situation; Aerate smoke evacuation reduces a loss; Segregation space extinguishs fire.

8, urgent and scattered with flee for one's life

Be on duty personnel is received alarm hind start fire control instantly broadcast organization is scattered, correct bulletin, organize personnel dredge, prevent crowd disorder; According to fire lash-up the scattered plan that makes in the case beforehand is organized scattered, notice ego is protected, should adopt through smoke area lower his head to bow pose; Strict obedience organizes direct, dominate personnel sentiment, prevent personnel to return the scene of a fire, do good eye and respiratory tract defend.

9, skill of put out a fire grooms

Field work uses all sorts of fire control material, master the principle essentials of fire of rush to save life and property, hep attack the program of fire and the step that should take; Hep establishment of of all kinds fire control, equipment includes this this office place, unit fire extinguisher, indoor fire hydrant, water takes set the position; According to the characteristic of office place, the situation of a disaster of imitate of area of fire prevention key, hep fire alarm and receive alarm deal with program; Constituent lash-up is scattered drilling, familiar this unit is scattered with flee for one's life course.